Electric and hydrogen-cars-decarbonizing technologies are pushing the Industry in seeking safe harbors to overcome the haviest ... 

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Former - The Economists - publish over perplessità ed i pericoli della finanza decentralizzata chiamata DeFi o Defy. 

Vediamo quali sono i rischi e pericoli che potrebbero derivare dai sistemi di finanza decentralizzata . In primo evidenziamo subito che la comunità Svizzera riguardo ai pericoli che le monete virtuali - cryptovalute - possono facilmente creare alla società civile: Minacce, estorsioni, traffico di armi, droga, trafficking di esseri umani da paesi poveri, corruzioni e concussioni, etc ...    

The United Nations with the Framework Convention on Climate Change - UNFCCC - are the managers of climate change and of the consequential and subsequent actions of this change. The UNFCCC body came to life and legal substance with the Kyoto Protocol (1997) which was practically never respected because governments had to make GDP and Growth using fuels and energy and raw materials as needed. this has led to strong and evident environmental imbalances that have convinced most to sign the 2017 Paris agreements on the Climate Pledge.

The Paris agreement sees the parties that signed the agreement committed to respecting the pact to reduce the CO2 emissions of their citizens so that the global warming of the planet earth does not exceed 2 degrees centigrade.

Basically, the COP26 meeting in Glasgow will deal with all the topics that can help achieve the global common goal is to avoid the rise of temperature, as if this were not successful the consequences could very simply involve all the living beings of the planet earth.

The primary climate risk is that of a tsunami of catastrophic dimensions as announced by US President "Al Gore" in the US presidential elections of 2000, but also that of irreversibility and a sudden glaciation of the planet earth.

The difficulties are many as there would be many companies that would have to drastically limit their turnover by no longer offering certain services that nevertheless allow people to work. Think for example of the money spent on loans given to companies that pollute the environment, it is possible that the Glasgow summit will give an out-out for the Banks I push the financial system to support "green friendly" technologies to allow the development of projects sustainable.

Well, about 1.5 billion people in the world live in coastal areas and are at risk. Encouraging innovation and supporting innovative projects will be the planet's great leap in quality.

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This article talks about ..... debt

On October 13, 2021, the fourth official meeting of Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors led by the Italian Presidency of the G20 took place in Washington for the annual meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group.

There was talk of financial sustainability and the pandemic, of how all available tools will be implemented and used to deal with the negative consequences of Covid-19, of how the recovery will continue to be supported by avoiding the early withdrawal of support measures.

In line with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Paris Agreement, sustainable finance remains a cornerstone in order to promote the transition to more sustainable economies and societies. In this regard, Ministers and Governors approved the G20 Sustainable Finance Roadmap prepared by the SFWG Sustainable Finance Working Group.

They argued that sustainable finance is crucial in order to promote orderly transitions to inclusive societies. The summary report prepared by the SFWG is a multi-year document oriented to actions not only on climate but also on future work plans.
DSSI Debt Service Suspension Initiative

The progress on the Common Framework relating to debt treatment beyond the DSSI was very welcomed by Ministers and Governors, committing to intensify efforts to implement it in a timely, orderly and coordinated manner. The resulting improvements have been designed to give more confidence to the debtor countries and to give financial support from the IMF and Multilateral Development Banks.

Financial support

Ministers and Governors affirmed their commitment that the financial sector can provide adequate support for the recovery, they also confirmed a timely implementation of the Roadmap on cross-border payments.

Digital finance

There is a commitment to improve digital financial inclusion relating to the most vulnerable and under-served segments, including micro, medium and small enterprises (MSME), and the Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI - Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion). The G20 Menu of Policy Options for digital financial literacy and financial consumer and MSME protection is therefore approved for this purpose "Enhancing digital financial inclusion beyond the COVID-19 crisis", with the aim of laying the foundations for new financial inclusion strategies in the post-pandemic world.

Ministers and Governors also said they look forward to the launch of the Joint Institute of International Finance (IIF) / OECD, encouraging all private sector lenders to join while remaining in line with the IIF's Voluntary Principles for Debt Transparency. 

The Global Stablecoins

The report on the progress of the FSB on the regulation and supervision of the "Global Stablecoin" agreements was also welcomed in the meeting. However, it is emphasized that no “Global Stablecoin” should start operating until all legal, regulatory and supervisory requirements are properly “designed”.

What are Stablecoins

They are cryptocurrencies and their price is "anchored" (fixed exchange rate or pegged exchange rate) to a cryptocurrency, to a fiat currency (ie a currency, with no intrinsic value or use value, established as a currency and underlying the government regulation), or commodities traded on the exchange.

The stablecoins have been designed in order to minimize the fluctuations of their price against the reference currency. One so-called “famous” stablecoin is Libra and has been announced by Facebook and its partners as their global stablecoin. Libra is presented as an "integrated model" including a new settlement asset, a new payment line and solutions for the end user.

They were born from the start-up, from the Fintech sector which with their innovation has proposed over 200 new payment solutions according to a survey by the European system of central banks. Along this line, the big tech companies using the amount of customers and their desire to expand on global markets are in a position to offer services related to cross-border transactions and it is precisely from here that stablecoins emerged.

One of the dangers found on stablecoins is that if made legal, they could threaten financial stability and monetary sovereignty.

Ministers and Governors confirmed that they support the G20 Policy Options Menu for digital financial literacy in order to provide guidance that sets the stage for new financial inclusion strategies in the post-pandemic period.

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In the UK, the process to regulate these changes is already underway, new ESG pension rules of 2019, and during the same year, the government announced an ambitious green finance strategy to reach the zero goal by 2050.

Environmental Social Governance (ESG), what in the past was seen as innovative and relatively followed, concept is now at the top of the agendas of senior managers and by tier-one institutions from Black Rock to Goldman Sachs.

The farmer technological firm Clausematch and the UK Department of International Trade (DIT) have recently opened to the role of the environment, society, and governance (ESG) and RegTech. 

Interestingly, the forecast clearly says that banks, insurance companies, and asset management companies will see a decade in updating capabilities, tools, and products; from this point of view, the regulatory authorities will also push to codify structures and methods to become more environmentally aware.

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